Thyroid disorders are conditions that affect the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid has important roles to regulate numerous metabolic processes throughout the body.
Also called underactive thyroid- is the most common thyroid disorder. It happens when your thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone, which is essential because thyroid hormone, such as your metabolism. But with low thyroid function, these body processes slow down.
The hormones produced by the thyroid gland are T3 and T. These hormones have an action on almost all parts of the body. The secretion of these hormones is regulated by TSH or thyroid stimulating hormone that is secreted by pituitary gland. The secretion of thyroid hormone occurs only from this particular gland. The presence of iodine and amino acid tyrosine are a must for the production of thyroid hormones.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: This is autoimmune disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism
Medication: certain medication, such as lithium, can cause hypothyroidism
Pregnancy: Hypothyroidism can develop during or after pregnancy
Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces the high level of the hormone thyroxin. In other words, it can be called as overactive thyroid.
In hyperthyroidism, serum T3 usually increases more than does T4, probably because of increased secretion of T3 as well as the conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues. In some cases, only T3 is elevates(T3 toxicosis).
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